Social Disorganization Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Social Disorganization - Research Paper Example The paper "Social Disorganization" examines how does social disorganization relate to organized crime and its evolution. The case of gang culture could remarkably deviate from the prevailing order within the society. Within the gang culture, it could be evident that in one way or another, there is a presence of leadership that is either organized or unorganized. There might be order within this culture, but from the point of view of the society, there is a deviation from the actual law enforced by the people. It is in this case that one could link the case of gang culture with social disorganization. It is important to understand how does social disorganization relate to organized crime and its evolution. One substantial case that could explicate this point is gang culture. Gangs have substantive culture that within it there is a great presence of shared values and beliefs. What makes this shared values and beliefs became a success is the point in which gangs have remarkably hired ne w set of members and flourish due to unsuccessful prosecution effort and even worst, becoming legitimate business. All of these could remarkably start within street gangs. The evolution is so tough, but the bottom line paves the way for organizing street gangs into something vibrant readily associated with business that could also interconnect with corrupt officials, which eventually strengthens them further to become established crime groups. Social disorganization could become established organized crime.... Eventually social disorganization meets the criteria of organized crime because just like the latter, it is completely against the prevailing values and set standard by the society through the prevailing law emancipated for the protection of everybody’s freedom or right. Law-breaking behavior is generally present within the context of social disorganization and ultimately street gangs could evolve as groups that would have fundamental association with corrupt officials leading to their social, economic and political power. Due to these fundamental reasons, there is not doubt that social disorganization such as in the case of gang culture eventually meets the criteria for organized crime. In fact, its evolution substantially completes the achievement of these criteria. Corrupt political machine and social disorganization As already stated, a full-pledged or grown up group of street gangs eventually make it a point to consider undertaking maximum gain through establishing a busi ness for the survival of the group and maximum benefits of each member. However, along the way, social disorganization such as in the case of street gangs and their evolution would try to make it a point to maximize the achievement of relevant gains for the benefits of their groups. In reality, they have close tie or connection with corrupt officials (Lyman & Porter, 2007). In other words, the more there will be corrupt officials, social disorganization continues to prevail and even continue to move in an upward spiral. It is due to the fact that the presence of these corrupt political machines creates the competitive advantage of social disorganization and

Childcare Essay Example for Free

Childcare Essay Birth-12 months- Babies will begin to smile at adults especially at their careers. Will gaze at faces and will copy facial movements. They respond to faces and voices of familiar people around them, they are still shy around strangers but enjoy affection from their careers. They enjoy being held, cuddled and tickled by adults. They will start to talk using babble noises. â€Å"Temper tantrums† may have started. They start to become more demanding and assertive and can express rage at being told ‘no’, they have no idea of sharing and a strong sense of ‘mine’. 1-2years- Are becoming aware of others around them, they may begin to start to display attachment and anxiety separation from carers and adults they are close to. They will begin to start exploring their environment knowing there is a familiar adult nearby for reassurance. As they develop they can start showing signs of emotions e. g. when another child cries they may start crying as well, when another child smiles at them they will smile back. Are very possessive of toys they may have and find it hard to share. Play becomes more fun with other children, and they will mostly be cooperative. They may start to display temper tantrums. 2-3 years-Children will begin to learn about relationships and will start to seek others to share in their experiences and for reassurance. They tend to find it hard to control their feelings especially when they are excited and frustrated. They tend to still look for adults for comfort if they are upset. They are starting to become more independent in things they do. 3-4years- children will begin to social with in a group of children and began to play cooper actively some of the time. They began to take control of their toilet needs and become more independent in the in self-help. They are starting to develop own feelings and start to show empathy towards others. Most children will have started school at the age 4 and will be enjoying their independence. 5-7years-Children will become independent by dressing and undressing themselves. Begin to choose own friends. They start to understand rules and boundaries and like to have structure and routines. They will seek out adults for approval and praise. They have good sense of when other children are upset or sad. Their social skills will be growing as play becomes more cooperative with other children as they enjoy turn taking. They will have a developed a good sense of self-awareness both positive and negative. They now know the difference between right and wrong. Progression towards teenage years- They are a lot more independent in what they do and become less reliant on others. They begin to form good relationships with others and are more aware of their gender. They begin to understand what behaviour is acceptable and what is unacceptable and have a strong sense of what is right and wrong. They are beginning to what their own privacy. They become more concerned of what other people think of them and can often become unsure about new changes. 13-19 years- Become more self-motivated within themselves. Need a lot more reassurance as they start to approach adolescence/puberty, do not appreciate that parent’s get involved in how independent they become as they get older. Mood swings and confrontation become more apparent. Will start to engage in new friendships especially as they progress to further education in a new environment. Becomes more self-conscious about their appearance and social status. Will begin to engage in more adventures activities but may be aware of the forth coming actions due to their involvement. Will begin to think things through before undertaking the action and are more independent in their decisions and intellectual interests. They begin to set goals for their future in education/employment but still worry about failure. Language Birth-12 months-Will communicate with others in different ways such as crying, babbling and squealing and will use their vocal voice and enjoy vocal play alongside adults , will use gestures such as putting arms up to be picked up, when talked to from a familiar person will make own sounds in response. 1-2 years- Speech is starting to develop as they start to respond and understand more words. They are starting to acquire new words on a regularly basis. May start to use one-two word questions and is able to put two words together. 2 years-3years- Will start to become more able to express what they want to adults and start to understand a little more of what adults are saying to them through words and gestures. They will start to extend their vocabulary rapidly up to about 70 words between 1-2 years old; will tend to have conversations with themselves about what they are doing and uses personal words which as they begin to develop their vocabulary and is able to follow one instruction when given by an adult. 3-4 years- Children begin to develop their language skills further by beginning able to say their own name and how they old they are. They begin to have a vocabulary of between 250 words to 500 words and starting to use more complex sentences. Can begin to describe things they are doing and explain why things are happening. 5-7years-Children are becoming to have good communication skills as their conversations and questions they ask become more complex. They are beginning understand the meaning of text and are starting to recognise letters, sounds and words as well as their own written name. They start to understand that one word can mean two things for example orange for fruit and orange as a colour. They are still building on their language in spoken and written form. Progression towards teenage years- They will still be developing their language skills but in a more complex way. Are starting to talk problems through to be able to solve them as their ability to think logically begins to mature. 13-19years- Their language skills are still developing but in a more complex way. Physical Birth-12months- A baby will grow rapidly during their first year of development within weeks a child will begin smiling and will turn the head to respond to different sounds in their environment. They will begin to have a pattern in their own routine for example feeding time and sleep time. On the approach to six months they will begin to roll over from their front to their back and start grasping objects which they will tend to put in their mouth. By 8 months they begin to crawl and by 9 months they begin to start walking. 1-2 years- Most babies will be crawling or possibly still shuffling; they start to pull themselves up on furniture to the standing position to support them to move along from one end to the other. They may start to take a few steps independently or with adult support, they start to become curious about different objects passing toys from one hand to the other , hand eye coordination is developing as they start holding an object in each hand and bringing them together in the middle. They will start to attempt to self-feed themselves with their hands or a spoon and use a cup with two hands. Fine motor skills are developing as they begin to use crayons/pencils in the palmer grasp when mark making. 2-3years- Begins to climb on equipment with confidence, and is able to walk up and down stairs holding onto the rail using two feet at a time. Fine motor skills when mark marking is developing from palmer grasp to tripod grasp as they begin to scribble/draw lines. They have developed the skills to kick a ball and throw a ball, increasingly able to manipulate small objects with hands. They become more independent in their feeding skills as they begin to easily use a spoon and possibly a fork. Potty training will start being introduced as a child begins to control their bowel movements. Bricks will be built into larger towers than before usually with six or seven bricks. 3-4 years- Children are becoming more independent in their choices. Gross motor skills are developing quickly as they begin to run, jump, climb up climbing frames and start to try and ride a tricycles, when mark making will hold pencil between thumb and finger and begins to draw lines and circles and may start to copy some letters from their name. Independence in dressing and undressing has developed and toilet training is more independent. Has more confidence in Self-feeding using a knife and fork. 5-7 years- Children begin to have rapid muscle growth in these years. Pencil control is developing as they start to draw circles, peoples and copying words. Preference for dominant hand is starting to show. Is able to care for own toilet needs independently. Begin to have preferences for likes and dislikes. Dressing becomes more independent as they start to learn how to do buttons laces etc. 7-12 years- They have well established hand eye coordination as mark making skills develop in drawing and printing. They are very active as they start to enjoy team games with other children/adults e. g. hitting balls and chasing each other. Boys begin to engage in a lot of rough and tumble games. The development of girl’s physical development is developing quicker than the boys. 13-19years- These years are classed as the transition from child hood to adult hood (adolescence) as they will start to experience changes in their bodies. The physical development in each child is different at this age as some may just start to mature physically and some may have fully physically matured. Intellectual Birth-12months- babies start to learn through their senses especially by putting things in and out of their mouths. 1-2years- They are still learning through their senses. They start to be curious about things and like to explore objects by using their fingers especially poking their fingers into things and taking things apart. They will start to say the names of familiar objects, people and familiar body parts. Start to use one word sentences â€Å"no† â€Å"bye bye† and starts to enjoy simple songs and rhymes. 2-3years-Are still learning through all their senses, they are still very curious about things in their environment. They are starting to use three to four word senses and start singing simple songs and rhymes. 3-4years- At this age they are still learning through using their senses. Are beginning to use their imagination in play using one object to represent another object and are starting to enjoy role play situations. Begin to start to become more curious and inquisitive about their environment. Has large vocabulary, 1500 to 2000 words as they start to approach the age of 5. 5-7years- children will start to follow instructions by adults and will accept help, although they are still unsure about trying new things if they are unfamiliar with them. Some children may begin to stutter when they get excited to tell someone something or if they are nervous. Colour and number recognition is apparent and may start to write a few letters they recognise. At this age most children are learning to read and write. 7-12years- Children start to have a good attention span and are able to solve more complex problems. Enjoys working hard to complete tasks they are set and enjoys challenging experiences. Are curious about how things work and why things happen. Reasoning and thinking becomes more abstract. They may start to enjoy reading, writing and using books. 13-19years- They start to begin to think logically about concepts. They become more argue mental with others Moral. Birth-12months- Babies do not have moral development at this age. 1-2 years- Are sensitive to adult approval/disapproval, despite tantrums and bursts of anger. No understanding of right from wrong, but starting to understand yes or no. 2-3 years- appears to be independent and self-reliant and wants to be good, but is not yet mature enough to be able to carry out most promises. They are starting to understand the word â€Å"no†, they still do not understand right from wrong. 3-4 years- Is starting to understand right from wrong. They are becoming more self-controlled and less aggressive, and may use extreme verbally threats such as â€Å"I will kill you† without realising the full consciousness. 5-7 years- Is becoming aware of right and wrong; is wanting to be good and please adults but may tell lies to blame others for own wrongdoing because of intense desire to please and do right . 7-12 years- Is very concerned with personal behaviour, particularly as it affects family and friends; May experience guilt and shame. Has difficulty in admitting to mistakes but are becoming more capable of accepting failure and mistakes and are aware of consequences of their behaviour. Is aware of right and wrong; wants to do right. 13-19 years- Understands right from wrong and consciences of their actions. They try to weigh alternatives and arrive at a decision of their own. They are very unlikely to lie and are concerned about how other people are treated. They will experience numerous feelings of anger, sorrow and frustration. They may even be interested in sex as response to physical-emotional urges. 1. 2 Analyse the difference between sequences of development and rate of development and why the distinction is important. Identifying the difference between the sequence of rate and the rate of development of children is important as it helps to identify a child’s ability and helps to meet the needs of individual children. It also enables you to be able to identify any special educational needs and helps you to plan effectively to make sure they are getting the help and support they may need in areas they may have gaps in. Sequencing- means a pattern of development in children but this can vary in each child. The sequence is a definite order of developmental milestones that children meet and accomplish over time as they need to finish one area of development before moving to another developmental stage. e. g. rolling over and sitting up occur before learning to walk, a toddler being able to walk before they can run Rate- Is the speed of which children develop but this may vary greatly in each individual child e. g. a child’s will start to babble before they begin to use words. 1. 3 Analyse the reasons why children and young people’s development may not follow the pattern normally expected There are many factors which contribute to a child not following the pattern of development disability either physical or mental will make them find it harder to learn the same as another child the same age, resources, facilities, possibly restrictions due to a disability, environment (poverty) due to lack of essential resources needed, emotional problems may cause a child to have lack of concentration or interacting skills, culture how people bring up their children. There are reasons why development may not follow expected patterns they are: †¢ Disability can affect development because if children can’t use certain parts of their body for example they may not be able to use their legs they won’t be able use a climbing frame their physical development won’t be able to develop in the expected way. The nursery or school they attend may not have the equipment needed for the child to achieve their desire to use the climbing frame. †¢ Emotional difficulties can affect expected patterns of development because a child who is not settled into a nursery and does not have solid relationships with the adults in their life are more likely to have low self-esteem and are less likely to try new activities that would help their development. †¢ Environmental factors such as poverty and family could affect a child’s development because if they do not have much money some opportunities such as nursery will not be available. Family could also affect a child because single parents may not have the time and energy to engage and challenge their child to try new things that would help their development. Food may not be as nourishing and nutritious. †¢ Cultural reasons for example girls in many cultures are not given the same opportunities as boys this will limit their development because they are not expected to go to school. †¢ Social factors such as transport could result in development not following expected patterns because parents who don’t drive may have difficulties in getting their children to school regularly which could result in poor attendance so the child could miss out on key factors of their education. Home schooling could also affect children’s social development as they won’t have had many opportunities for social interaction with children their own age which could result in a social delay. †¢ Particular learning needs may affect development because a child having difficulties with reading and writing and they are not receiving the extra help they need is likely to fall behind in school work. †¢ Communication difficulties could result in development not happening in the expected way because children who have a hearing impairment can cause a delay as we learn to speak by listening this could lead on to a speech impairment which may result in children only expressing what they can and not what they really mean. Parents who don’t talk or read to their children will also affect the child’s development. 2. 1 Analyse how children and young people’s development is influenced by a range of personal factors Family Environment- Family life has the most important impact on children‘s development due to the various family structures and stability each individual child has. Cramped Housing May share a room with several other children, this can lead to cramped spaces for children, not enough room to play, no personal space. Single parents where children may have lack of male/female role models which may cause social stigma. Parents divorcing/separating- This is very stressful on everyone involved, children can become emotionally withdrawn, suffer lack of confidence and can create lack of self-esteem. Working Parents- When parents have to work all week this will leave little room for direct social, emotional and intellectual support. Step families- When children become part of a new step family it may cause friction, hatred and jealousy between the children from each family and children towards their new step parent. This could lead to the child/teenager to become socially and emotionally withdrawn. Health Problems – health problems can be a genetic problem or due to the poor living environment they grow up in. If a child is raised in poor quality housing this may lead to health problems e. g. damp can trigger asthma and other breathing problems, if a child is not getting a good variety of healthy food/nutrition this could lead to health problems. Children who suffer from health problems may miss out on a lot of their education, which could be departmental in the future learning. Learning difficulties – A child with learning difficulties will need extra support in certain areas of development and may develop a low self-esteem because they get annoyed with themselves for not being able to do something, such as a simple numeracy problem, or read a book. A child with language/communication difficulties may find it hard to socialise with other people/children. Disability A child in a wheelchair or with a serious physical impairment would find it hard to do many activities, particularly those that are physically demanding. Gross motor skills would be at a less developed rate than peers and fine motor skills may be affected if the child had little or no control over their limbs. Genetic A baby’s genes are determined at conception. If something is faulty at this stage, this can have a huge impact on the child’s development. This may be physical or intellectual. If a mother takes drugs, drinks alcohol or smokes when pregnant, there is an increased chance of delivering an underweight baby at birth. It can also lead to cognitive problems for the child as they get older . Visual impairment Children who have visual impairment usually have some vision; this can vary from each child. Some children may be able to see outlines of objects while others may only be able to tell the difference between light and dark. If a child has vision problems this nearly always initially delays their physical development. Their gross and fine motor skills would be affected because they would be unable to be as adventurous as children with good vision. Fine motor skills may not be in line with other children as the child would find it hard to do tasks that require precision such as threading beads or colouring. Hearing impairment Hearing is a very important part of learning language and being able to communicate effectively with others. Children will need to learn to speak and listen. Their language and cognitive development would almost certainly be affected, but their social development might be hindered as well. They may speak in a monotone voice and not respond when spoken to. People may start to treat them differently and this might make them feel isolated and secluded from daily experiences 2. 2 Analyse how children and young people’s development is influenced by a range of external factors Education- Children deserve the best start in life in education as it will help them become very academic and achieve their full potential. If they are unable to access the resources they need for their education e. g. books, stationary and internet this will hinder their learning and they may not develop as well as those who have the opportunities. Poverty- Poverty effects children’s development in various ways; if they have a poor diet it may cause them to be unfit, lack of energy to be able to concentrate which will affect their progression of development. Children who come from low income families may have fewer opportunities to participate in out of school activities, and have limited access to equipment they may need for their education which will cause lack of motivation. Poor hygiene will lead to low self-esteem in a child as they become paranoid about their appearance and in some cases can lead to bullying. Foster Care- can cause long term effects on children due to lack of stability in their life. They have fewer opportunities to make positive relationships with others. They may be confused about why they are in foster care due to un answered questions. They are more venerable, as they have already had experience of the negative experience of being separated from family. Their self-esteem will be low which will make it harder for them to relate and socialise with others and to form attachments Personal choices- As children begin to develop they start to make personal choices for themselves, the choices they make can have a major effect on their development e. g. starting to smoke, using drugs, drinking, food choices, exercise choices. †¢ Family environment and background. In some homes education is not at the front of their things to do list. We can often see this where the parents/ carers are of a lower educational development. This could also show that there is no support at home as the parents do not understand the required educational elements needed to complete the work. †¢ Personal choices. If a child or young person as decided for what ever reason they do not want to be educated or leave school before they finish their education, this is their choice and we cannot always show them alternative choices for staying at school. †¢ Looked after/ care status. This again could have a huge influence as a lot of looked after children are moved around regularly. This will affect their education enormously. Separation and attachment issues are quite often the cause of many reasons not to want to be in school. This is constantly worked on by schools to find the best way to include these children in school and to be able to give them a good standard of education. †¢ Education. If for example a child has not attended a nursery or play group in their early years this can often set them back from what development stage they should be at when attending school. This could be the lack of nursery places, not good enough teachers to the child having a learning disability that has not been identified yet. †¢ Boyfriends/girlfriends. This is more apparent in young people more than children, but starting and finishing a relationship can be a huge influence on learning. Distracted and even heartbroken pupils will not learn to the same degree as others who are not at that stage. 2. 3 Explain how theories of development and frameworks to support development influence current practice Maslow- Believes everyone has fundamental needs that must be met in order for people to reach their full potential. The needs include warmth, food and shelter, love, security and self-esteem. His hierarchy needs has five stages which was expanded to include cognitive aesthetic needs. In our setting we ensure the children are well cared for, environment is clean and tidy, and temperature of nursery is at a comfortable level, we provide a healthy balanced diet. Children are allocated a key worker on entry in nursery key worker is responsible for ensuring each child’s needs are meet under the EYFP. Maslows theories of development include Humanist. Bandura – Created a theory that children learn by observing others, they do not need to be taught directly as they will imitate and observe what those around them are doing. This is a natural process and does not require the force of an adult. This learning is known as observational learning. In our setting we have a calm approach to all situations modelling good behaviour. We create an environment where observational learning can take place on a daily basis. Banduras theories including Social Learning. Skinner – Believes that children learn language through principles of conditioning and that they learn words by associating sounds with objects, actions and events. They also learn words by imitating other people. We support this in our setting by having a language rich environment, asking open ended questions, lots of interaction. Skinners theories including Operant Conditioning, Behaviourist and Attachment. Bowlby – Believes that attachment behaviours are instinctive and that early relationships and early experiences with care givers have a major role on development and behaviour and influence how children will react to social interactions with other people. Early attachment were children are secure to main carer will allow the child to have high self-esteem and will enjoy intimate relationships; they will start to have the ability to share their feeling and seek out others for support. We support this in my setting for new starters by introducing them gradually into the setting through visits which will start off with main carer staying with them and then progressing to the child having visits on their own to ensure they feel comfortable in their new environment. Lev Vygotsky- His theory is that children’s development depends on interaction with people and the tools that the culture provides. . He had three different ways cultural tools could be passed from one individual to another. Imitative learning where one person tries to imitate or copy another e. g. when a parent sings an action song and the child tries to copy, Instructed learning which involves remembering the instruction of an adult and then using these instructions, collaborative learning involves a group of peers who strive to understand each other and work together. He believes every new interaction is a learning experience to for children that they must be guided through until they know how to react properly. In our setting staff support this by supporting children who are having difficulty in managing certain tasks. We encourage turn taking and sharing, and provide plenty of opportunities for social interaction with adults and children. Piaget- Believes that children’s cognitive development moves through four different stages of mental development: Sensorimotor birth-2 years were a child recognises self as agent of actions and begins to act intentionally, preoperational 2-7years were they learn to use language and represent objects by images and words. , concrete operational 7-11 years were children can begin to think logically about objects and events and classify objects according to several features, Formal operational 11-adult hood were they can think logically about abstract propositions. He believed all children pass through these phases to advance to the next level of cognitive development. In our setting we encourage a more hands on approach and more relevant tasks for age/stage of development of child. We emphasise strongly on â€Å"child- Imitated† activities and observations to be able to plan for children’s needs. Freud- Believed that our personalities are made up with three parts; the â€Å"id†-is the instinctive part of our personality, the â€Å"ego†- is the planning part of our personality, and the â€Å"superego†- develops later in childhood it is known as the control part of our personality ,which are not all present at birth but will develop as the child develops. Freud theories of develop include Psychoanalytic. 3. 1 Analyse the importance of early identification of development delay Early identification and intervention is the best thing for a child’s long term benefits. Early intervention has a dual effect it helps children develop skills that are expected at their age but it also prevents the child from developing negative behaviours. Being able to identify signs of delay in a child’s development allows practitioner to make swift assessments and to involve outside agencies to make their own observations of the child. It is an important role for a practitioner to know and understand children’s learning and development in order for them to able to identify any early signs. 3. 2 Explain the potential risks of late recognition of development delay Late recognition of development, can lead to problems later on in life for young person understanding or a child being able to express their own feelings, leaving them feeling angry or frustrated and causing them to act out and maybe develop behaviour problems. It can also affect their confidence and self-esteem causing problems building relationships with peers and becoming. 3. 3 Evaluate how multi agency teams work together to support all aspects of development in children and young people Professionals from multi agency bring together all practitioners from different sectors that may need to be involved in working to support children, young people and families. Working with multi agency is a way of ensuring that children and young people who need additional support have exactly the right professionals supporting them. When a child needs additional support the SENCO of a setting will fill in a CAF form with relevant information and concerns about a child which will then be referred to relevant sector to enable team members to share information and support one another so the child’s needs are addressed efficiently and effectively. Regularly meetings are set to discuss the needs of the child or young people to plan for child’s development for example action plans. IEPs and to discuss child’s progress. The involvement of multi-agencies will vary as the needs of children and young people will be very different. What is important is that each person brings with them their own specialist skills, expertise and insight so that the child or young person gets the best support possible. Multi-agency working is a varied number l of services that have the collective aim to provide the best for children and their carers who are in need. The people involved to support a child’s needs could be a social worker, play specialist, early year’s practitioners, educational psychologists, health workers and any person with the ability to step in and help a child when their development is being hindered. Early years settings are more of an integrated working because they offer a cocktail of services within the setting, rather than external services which is multi-agency. England’s government framework, Every Child Matters, lists five outcomes that reinforce the importance of working together to achieve the best outcomes for children. The Early Years Framework also states that when professionals work together the results are better essentially, if all the people involved in a child’s life are aware of what that child needs, then development c

A Full Life With Empty Barrels :: essays research papers

A Full Life With Empty Barrels Robert Lee Frost, legendary American poet whose poetry was written to be easily understood and reads similar to everyday speech, wrote several poems that are frequently recited and quoted. Frost's arduous life is reflected in his poems; his poetry is both simple and complex. Frost uses deceptively simple strategies, imagery, metaphors, small details, nature, and traditional verse to convey feelings and intent, making him America's most beloved and esteemed poet, both by the common man and the critics. Robert Lee Frost's poem "After Apple-Picking" reflects Frost's life, his mistakes, regrets, and experiences, using a nostalgic tone. Frost, born in San Francisco on March 26, 1874, lived in California until he turned eleven, and his father died, which compelled his family to move to Lawrence, Massachusetts to live with his paternal grandparents. " Because Frost is so intimately associated with rural New England, one tends to forget that the first landscape printed on his imagination was both urban and Californian. That he came to appreciate, and to see in the imaginative way a poet must see, the imagery of Vermont and New Hampshire has something to do with the anomaly of coming late to it. It's as though he were dropped into the countryside north of Boston from outer space, and remained perpetually stunned by what he saw," Robert Penn Warren observed. "I don't think you can overemphasize that aspect of Frost. A native takes, or may take, a place for granted; if you have to earn your citizenship, your locality, it requires a special focus" (Parini 5). Frost resided in pastoral New England for most of his adult life, and his laconic expression and focus on individualism embody the heart of this region. "An essentially pastoral poet often associated with rural New England, Frost wrote poems whose philosophical dimensions transcend any region " (Biography 1). Many of Frost's poems utilizes nature and are written in understandable language to express his admiration for the hard-working individual. "Mr. Frost has dared to write and for the most part with success in the natural speech of New England; in natural spoken speech, which is very different from the "natural" speech of the newspapers, and of many professors" (Bloom 21). Frost had an extensive education. He was taught by his mother, "Frost received much of his early education at home, and his mother often read aloud from the works of Shakespeare, Poe, Emerson, and Wadsworth, as well as others" (Bloom 12).

Information Systems :: Healthcare

Information systems are a vital necessity to healthcare institutions in the United States and other nations with the ominous need to keep up with technology, research, and science in the 21st. Century. Most of healthcare institutions in Africa still depend on physical documentation, written by hand and afterword’s stored in binders locked away in storing facilities. With the growing populace in Africa, gathering information concerning patients health documents is costly, hard to maintain, and unethical. Therefore, in this case scenario I’m going to target my research, in developing countries in Africa in general, who are striving to improve ideal management information system. The goal is to aim efforts to improve public health through enhanced supervision through healthcare information, such the ability to collect, store and analyze accurate health data, service transfer proficiency, improve data accuracy, value of involvement, increase accountability and to learn abou t trends. The objective of this information system is to record information on health events and check the quality of services at different stages of health care. The data collected will also help to notify forthcoming healthcare policy determinations. My objective is to provide a cheap alternative Information Systems (IS) solution to six nations in Africa with the demand for better health care and documentation of patient information. In turn this will help doctors to treat patients with perfected precision. The nations that will be requiring my expertise be situated in Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. My goal is to unite these six nations with one complete (IS) that will be funded by supporters and sponsors alike. These funded groups will be handling all aspects of service without the support from these nations’ governing parties. The purpose of this is to stray away officials, due to chaos, government manipulation, radicals, and civil wars. Information Systems implemented for project Africa. For project Africa I have included three types of information systems, the first (IS) that I have implemented (see Figure A), is the most important towards a well-balanced system is Clinical Information System (CIS) shown in (Figure A, IS1). This type of (IS) that is a computer based system which is designed for storing, collecting, making available clinical information, delivery of information faster, and efficient (Biohealthmatics.com, 2010). Systems like (CIS) can deliver all records such as the patient past history of illness and interactions with doctors, and healthcare providers. As a result, this information is proficient in assisting physicians in deciding patient’s current condition, treatment alternatives, wellness undertakings, and actions that embark on other significant information that can lead to improving patient’s overall health (Biohealthmatics.

St. Quiteria Essay

St. Quiteria John 15:13 â€Å"Greater love has no one than this, that he lay down his life for his friends. † Are you willing to lay down for your life for your brothers and sisters in Christ? St. Quiteria and her sisters were not afraid to risk their lives to free Christians and wage war to stop others from being persecuted. St. Quiteria was born in the 2nd century in the city of Minho, Portugal to a mother that had nine daughters and was discussed by this.The mother had ordered the maid to kill her children but she disobeyed and sent them to a nearby village where they grew up and became good Christians. At this time in the 2nd century many Christians were being persecuted and many killed for their religions beliefs by Roman rule. In the 2nd century Rome ruled almost all of Europe and part of the Middle East. Later in life St. Quiteria and her sisters were brought before their father, who wanted them to marry Roman officials. They refused, which enraged their father who impr isoned them in a town.The sisters eventually broke out of the tower and freed all the persecuted Christians inside. Then waged a guerilla war against the Romans. St. Quiteria and her sisters were later caught and executed. I believe we need more people like St. Quiteria still today to fight persecutions here in America and other countries. I believe people should stick up for others who are being bullied and persecuted. I believe we need to fight for what we believe in and not let others fight us and do nothing about it.

Free Essays on War On Cancer

In 1971, President Richard M. Nixon declared the â€Å"War on Cancer.† Despite the huge amount of funds dedicated to the research, little progress in actually finding the cure for cancer has been made. Since President Nixon launched the nation's war on cancer [more than] 25 years ago, [over] $25 billion has been spent fighting the disease. While scientists' understanding of the biology of cancer has greatly expanded, cancer incidence and mortality rates of the majority of the cancers have continued to climb. Lack of success to cure the illness is due to the complexity of the disease in addition to the money in the politics. Despite the fact that a cure hasn’t been found, there are no grounds to be able to say that significant progress has not been made. The scientific community has made leaps and bounds in the direction of finding the cure. Cancer is feared like no other illness. It is not racist or judgmental; its victims have no distinct characteristics. It strikes the young, the old, the healthy, the weak, and in virtually any bodily tissue. The only real cure today is prevention, and ignorance to the disease only allows it to grow stronger; sometimes even this isn’t enough. It not only crosses racial boundaries, but the limits of science. Cancer cells divide without restraint, cross borders they were meant to respect, and fail to display the characteristics of the cell lineage from which they were derived. With the death rate from heart disease going down and the cancer death rate rising, cancer is expected to become the nation's leading cause of death in less than a decade (Advances in Cancer Research). At first, cancer was believed to be the result of environmental factors such as pollution, second hand smoke (also known as environmental cancer smoke), radon in the home, and benzene in the air. Then, it was believed that by avoiding these environmental factors, and obeying certain behavioral factors, one wo... Free Essays on War On Cancer Free Essays on War On Cancer In 1971, President Richard M. Nixon declared the â€Å"War on Cancer.† Despite the huge amount of funds dedicated to the research, little progress in actually finding the cure for cancer has been made. Since President Nixon launched the nation's war on cancer [more than] 25 years ago, [over] $25 billion has been spent fighting the disease. While scientists' understanding of the biology of cancer has greatly expanded, cancer incidence and mortality rates of the majority of the cancers have continued to climb. Lack of success to cure the illness is due to the complexity of the disease in addition to the money in the politics. Despite the fact that a cure hasn’t been found, there are no grounds to be able to say that significant progress has not been made. The scientific community has made leaps and bounds in the direction of finding the cure. Cancer is feared like no other illness. It is not racist or judgmental; its victims have no distinct characteristics. It strikes the young, the old, the healthy, the weak, and in virtually any bodily tissue. The only real cure today is prevention, and ignorance to the disease only allows it to grow stronger; sometimes even this isn’t enough. It not only crosses racial boundaries, but the limits of science. Cancer cells divide without restraint, cross borders they were meant to respect, and fail to display the characteristics of the cell lineage from which they were derived. With the death rate from heart disease going down and the cancer death rate rising, cancer is expected to become the nation's leading cause of death in less than a decade (Advances in Cancer Research). At first, cancer was believed to be the result of environmental factors such as pollution, second hand smoke (also known as environmental cancer smoke), radon in the home, and benzene in the air. Then, it was believed that by avoiding these environmental factors, and obeying certain behavioral factors, one wo...

Demonstrating Speech Description Essay Example

Demonstrating Speech Description Essay Example Demonstrating Speech Description Essay Demonstrating Speech Description Essay HOW-TO SPEECH ASSIGNMENT This demonstration speech gives students the opportunity to develop and present a how to speech. Students should present a 4 -5 minute speech demonstrating how to do something. Students can choose to demonstrate how to cook something or pick one of the topics covered in their kitchen classes such as the examples below: * How to sharpen a knife * Mise en place * How to Concasse a tomato * Different Cuts a Knife can make * How to make different stocks * How to make different sauces How to make fresh pasta * How to wash your hands * How to set a table * How to prep food: cooling and reheating * How to fold do a napkin fold * Fruit Carvings This speech should be 4 – 5 minutes in length. You will show us step by step how to complete the task you are demonstrating for us. You may not have time to do the whole project in the minutes given. So you show us how to begin each step, and then, if applicable, have a pre-completed example of how that step will look w hen the project is complete. Just like Martha Stewart] If you are demonstrating how to make something edible, you may bring enough of the finished product to share with the class. When you present to the class you need to submit your TYPED outline to the professor based on the informative speech outline guide. * Typed Delivery Outline. Outline on Portal as DEMONSTRATION Outline Template. There is a sample guideline on portal also. * Note-cards * Presentation Aids: Props (Remember these are worth 10 points) * Food Samples for Class (voluntary) DEMONSTRATION SPEECH OUTLINE NAME: Neysha Figueroa I. Introduction A. Attention-Getter B. Thesis Statement: Today I will be showing you how to make a famous Puerto Rican sandwich spread also known La Mezcla. C. Preview Statement: I will be telling you the ingredients needed, how to mix them together and how to cut the sandwich. TRANSITION: I’m going to start by telling you the ingredients that you need to make La Mezcla. II. Main Point #1- La mezcla is made with different types of ingredients depending on who is making. I’m going to tell you the way my husband taught me. A. Spam B. Cheese wiz C. Red Peppers in a can TRANSITION: Now I’m going to tell you how to mix it all together. III. Main Point #2- Some mix it by hand, the lazy ones use a blender. A. It all depends on what ingredients you use whether you use a blender or not. B. Take the spam out of the can and cut into small pieces. Throw in blender. C. Add cheese. Mix together. D. Add the red peppers. (Optional add a little bit of the pepper juice. ) E. Blend until mixed together well and spam is not in chunks. TRANSITION: All done, now to spread and cut. IV. Main Point #3- There’s a special way to cut the bread. A. First off make sure you put enough spread on the bread. B. Then you cut the edges off. (Optional) C. Then you cut into triangle shapes. TRANSITION: Now eat. V. Conclusion- It doesn’t take much to make mezcla. It’s easy, fast and a convenient snack for parties. A. Summary- La mezcla is made differently by all people. Some don’t use spam, they use potted meat instead, and some add mayo to it. This is a famous sandwich snack that Puerto Ricans have for their parties. b. Concluding Memorable Remarks: â€Å"It’s not a Spanish party if you don’t have La mezcla. †

Argumentatie in uitvoering

Argumentatie in uitvoering De claimÂ…Zaterdag 2 april 2005, het voetbal team waarin ik speel (Delta Sports 95), is vrij van voetbal vandaag. We hebben echter besloten bij elkaar te komen om te kijken hoe we volgend seizoen gaan spelen en of we en welke nieuwe mensen we nodig hebben in ons team.Aanwezig zijn alle leden uit het voetbal team met als bijzondere benoeming Marcel Jacobs (leider) en Jan van Voorts (trainer). Ik heb als claim voorbereid dat we in plaats van 4-4-2 de opstelling die we al 2 jaar spelen moeten veranderen in 3-4-3. Ik heb deze situatie van te voren bestudeerd en heb de volgende punten genoteerd.Als eerste keek ik naar de situatie:We staan onderaan in de competitie met weinig tegendoelpunten maar met nog veel minder voor doelpunten. Dit ligt deels aan het feit dat onze spitsen maar weinig heeft gescoord dit seizoen maar mijns inziens ook aan het feit dat de spitsen te weinig afspeel mogelijkheden hebben als ze de bal aangespeeld krijgen.Deutsch: 3 Dauner Maare (Gemà ¼ndener, Weinfelder , ...Als ik deze situatie kan duidelijk maken naar het team dan is dit zeer gunstig voor mijn claim.Toen keek ik naar de personen die te overtuigen zijn:De verdedigers zullen het moeilijkst te overtuigen zijn omdat er voor hun een plek verloren gaat. Dit betekend dat 1 normale basiskracht op de bank zal moeten plaats nemen. Ik ben zelf de laatste man (ook verdediger dus) en hoop dat dat een klein voordeel is. De middenvelders zullen misschien ook niet al te blij zijn met het idee omdat (indirect) het betekend dat zij meer zullen moeten verdedigen. De aanvallers zullen wel blij zijn met het idee omdat het hun meer aansluiting geeft. Hoe Marcel en Jan er over denken kan ik eigenlijk niet of nauwelijks inschatten van te voren. Ik weet dat het voor hun belangrijk is...

1. The war on terror is more important than the war on poverty Essay

1. The war on terror is more important than the war on poverty. Discuss - Essay Example Appendix A shows a table of the cost of various war events. This essay analyzes the impact the current war on terror has on the worldwide battle against hunger. The official data the war between the United States and its allies commence was after the terrorist attacks on the twin towers in which two commercial airplanes were used as missiles by suicidal bombers who took hostile all the civilians abort these aircrafts. Thousands of people lost their lives and the top financial epicenter in the world was shutdown causing chaos. The airline transportation and energy industry were hit hard as well as the entire global economy since it entered into disequilibrium. The efforts of the developed nation that today compose G8 were not doing enough to battle world hunger prior to the war, after the start on Terror the battle against hunger became even less important to the developed world and huge amounts of funds were diverted for war related activities. Around the world there are many places in which its inhabitants simply do not have anything to eat and suffer from malnutrition to the level that people are dying on hunger which is why the existence of this atrocity and the efforts to combat it is called the war on hunger. In the southern part of Africa below the Sahara there are over 33 million children living in malnutrition in a sub-human standard of living; in 2006 five million children in Africa died from malnutrition a figure that represents 40% of the deaths worldwide (Country Insight, 2007). Society has to stop this immediately and bring a resolution to end this war in order to ensure everyone on earth has a plate of food on the table. Other regions that are suffering the victims of the battle against hunger are the overpopulated country of India, the Middle East region and Latin America. The war of poverty requires trillions of dollars as well a plan to develop the economies of these nation for them

Waste Management Reseach Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Waste Management Reseach - Research Paper Example Sampling is concerned with selecting a section of the population (sample) to carry out research, in order to find out certain characteristic of a population. The objective of carrying out the sampling exercise will be to determine if there is any connection between operating street sweepers and contraction of chronic diseases. Random sampling method will be used. The sample population will consist of one hundred street sweeper operators and the same number of city staff who work in the office. Confidentiality of the informants will be paramount and no one will be required to give their names or any other personal information. They will have to give their consent before the experiment begins. The questionnaires will be administered to the two groups separately, together with focus group discussions. This method will be used because it is cheap and not time consuming. A set of questions will be administered to the target audience. The type of questions will include the number of years that they have been doing the street sweeper operator job, their medical history and other socio-demographic factors. The two groups of respondents will be required to fill in the questionnaires. The medical history will look at respiratory diseases such as bronchitis and asthma. End results will be presented in the form of graphs for analysis. If from the medical history, the street operators are proved to have acquired new infections, then, more studies will need to be conducted into the issue. The work environment of the street sweepers will therefore, be a hazard, requiring to be controlled or eliminated (Ericson, 2005). 2) What is the pel of the substances that you might detect? Permissible exposure limits are enforced to protect workers from the negative effects of being exposed to substances that are a hazard to their health. They are divided into two according to the United States Environmental Protection Agency; PM 10, basically are particulates with a diameter of less than ten microns in diameter. The other is PM 2.5, which are particulates with a diameter of less than 2.5 microns. Particulates with a diameter of less diameter are inhaled and easily absorbed into the cells of the body and consequently to the bloodstream. Consistent exposure to the particles will lead to contraction of respiratory diseases. The waste removed by the street sweeps is mainly composed of sulphates and nitrates from wearing out of roads and rubber form vehicle tires and gasoline combustion. Dust is also a crucial component, composed mainly of silica and metal. The following permissible exposure limits are established by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Sand has a permissible exposure limit of is 0.1mg/m3 , whose overexposure can lead to pulmonary diseases such as silicosis. The pel of dust, on the other hand is 15mg/m3 ,can also damage the respiratory system. 3) What are your recommendations? Occupational health and safety should be available to th e operators, which should among others include regular medical examination. Through these processes, infections will be able to be detected earlier on and treated. Other occupational health steps to reduce infections in the work place will include provision of protective gears such as masks (Sullivan, 2010); through such a process, infections will

Develop an organisational management profile of an organisation in a Essay

Develop an organisational management profile of an organisation in a defined cultural context and critically reflect upon the F - Essay Example While developing the organisational structure, it is quite significant for the managers to address six key components. They are work specialisation, chain of command, centralisation and decentralisation, departmentalisation, span of control and formalisation (Murphy & Willmott, 2010). The organisational culture is mainly concerned with the way in which the employees perceive the nature of the organisation. It represents the common perception held by the members of organisation (Murphy & Willmott, 2010). The main objective of the study is to identify a Japanese organisation and to describe its cultural context in which the organisation tends to function and its management structure. The study will also try to relate management structure with the organisational culture with the assistance of varied theories that are available. After having related both the key aspects, this study will try to identify how well the organisation’s culture and structure aligns with its objectives. T he Japanese organisation that has been chosen for the study is Kyoto International School. It is located at the heart of Kyoto city and therefore offers its students with the first-class international education program. The school makes use of the international curriculum structure that offers the students with an opportunity to develop their intelligence in a way that can assist each student to build confidence towards facing the challenges in the real world (Kyoto International School, n.d.). Senpai/Kohai Relation at Japan Senpai and Kohai are considered as significant components of age-related status relationship in Japan. Senpai is almost similar to the western conception of mentor and Kohai is nearly similar to the notion of â€Å"acolytes†. The young employee in an organisation will be considered as Senpai of the older employee in case the older employee joins the organisation at a later time in comparison to the young employee (Geelong & District, Golden Plains Kyokush in Inc, 2011). It has been observed that in Japanese schools, the senior students who are considered as Senpai tend to have greater power over the students who are young (Kohai). The Japanese society has a vertical structure where the individuals are arranged according to rank order in their social group. The structure in Japan is quite rigid and is universally accepted and applied. The hierarchical Japanese social system is administered via education system. The individuals at Japan are not just evaluated by the length of education but by the name of the schools that they have attended as well (Czinkota & Kotabe, 2000). The Senpai and Kohai relationship also tends to impact the relation in between the teachers and the students. In Japan, the students think that teachers must be respected because of their experience, age as well as ability. They also consider that the teachers are always right. However, in universities the seniors are treated with greater respect but rank and power tend to separate professors and it is observed that there are vertical hierarchies involving seniority rules among the faculties in

Resentment and the Genealogy of Morals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

Resentment and the Genealogy of Morals - Essay Example This essay discusses that the concept proves crucial to the sociological and cultural dynamic that pervades modernity. The consequences of this "feeling" are nefarious and multi-faceted. One such consequence allows confidence men or con artists to gain significant leverage and traction in contemporary society. In order to explicate this condition in society, this paper will first examine the theoretical features of slave morality and ressentiment as outlined by Nietzsche. Next, an inquiry into how these phenomena manifest itself in society in such a way to promulgate the appearance of such individuals and the reasons for their success. To this end, a presentation of Herman Melville's work, The Confidence-Man: His Masquerade will be presented in order elucidate the types and operating structures of con artists and confidence games. In conjunction, it will be important to discuss what archetypes Nietzsche defines such as the "Priest," the "Philosopher" and the "Artist" in reference to con artists while simultaneously highlighting the features of the con artists' mark, which will be shown to be the herd. In doing so this paper will show that the techniques con artists deploy in order to become effective are not significantly different from those deployed by Nietzsche's archetypes. It is understood that Nietzsche's genealogical method has been incisively criticized; nevertheless, Nietzsche's program does offer a worthwhile perspective in which to analyze the interplay between the con and the mark. One might question the leveraging of a fictional text, Melville's in order to explicate a real cultural phenomenon, the existence of con artists. Nietzsche's arguments as they are presented offer a mytho-tectonic analysis of the semiotic manifestation of the Slave and Master moralities. Insofar that these manifestations have occurred in society is without doubt; however, the true affectivity of the symbols lies in their ability to manipulate and massage the consciousnesses of individuals in that society and nowhere is the documentation that symbolic manipulation more evident than in the literary efforts of humanity. He articulates more fully the characteristics of Slave and Master Moralities in his work Beyond Good and Evil. They both revolve around their respective abilities to "will to power," this creative/destructive force which drives all human activity. Slave morality and the concept of morality must be understood broadly here to include all kinds of human activity, represent the behaviors of those who are unable to will their own desires directly and must "get around" as it were through subversion and cunning. The essence of Master morality is nobility. Actions are judged by their value or non-value for the master himself. In slave morality, actions are judged by their intention, namely their intention to harm or not harm the slave.

The role of the International monetary fund (IMF) in helping poor and Essay

The role of the International monetary fund (IMF) in helping poor and debt-troubled countries - Essay Example Consequently, the institution offers advice on investments in the public sector. The IMF supports United Nations policies on development. A good illustration can be derived from the fact that IMF is primarily concerned in financing services that raise public welfare such as education and health. IMF finances various aspects of the economies of debt ridden countries to achieve general Equilibrium. Stability of the economy benefits civilian populace both economically and socially. Moreover, stability in the economy enhances security and sound governance. If IMF intervention does not stabilize the economy, a crisis is imminent, which often yield to violence in poor countries. Such conditions are evident in African countries. IMF is a financial institution obliged to offer development loans to countries. However, countries must fulfill asset of condition before their application can be granted. The eligibility conditions or criteria are several. The first condition is that the IMF should have a direct link to the program that is being rolled out with its money. The condition is aimed at enhancing accountability and control of the economic direction by the IMF. Consequently, the condition acts as security for the MF funds by avoiding misallocation or squandering by government officials. Second, the project that is supposed to be financed must be stated clearly, with the requirements. This information can be found on the IMF factsheet. In addition, the government must accompany the information with the reasons that caused of the problem and the efforts that are being made to ensure that the situation is resolved in the future. The factors that led the government to request funds from the IMF must have a proposed solution in the loan application details. The IMF can approve the proposal, reject them or offer alternative policies that can achieve similar or better results (IMF). In cases where the economic policies of the

Resentment and the Genealogy of Morals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

Resentment and the Genealogy of Morals - Essay Example This essay discusses that the concept proves crucial to the sociological and cultural dynamic that pervades modernity. The consequences of this "feeling" are nefarious and multi-faceted. One such consequence allows confidence men or con artists to gain significant leverage and traction in contemporary society. In order to explicate this condition in society, this paper will first examine the theoretical features of slave morality and ressentiment as outlined by Nietzsche. Next, an inquiry into how these phenomena manifest itself in society in such a way to promulgate the appearance of such individuals and the reasons for their success. To this end, a presentation of Herman Melville's work, The Confidence-Man: His Masquerade will be presented in order elucidate the types and operating structures of con artists and confidence games. In conjunction, it will be important to discuss what archetypes Nietzsche defines such as the "Priest," the "Philosopher" and the "Artist" in reference to con artists while simultaneously highlighting the features of the con artists' mark, which will be shown to be the herd. In doing so this paper will show that the techniques con artists deploy in order to become effective are not significantly different from those deployed by Nietzsche's archetypes. It is understood that Nietzsche's genealogical method has been incisively criticized; nevertheless, Nietzsche's program does offer a worthwhile perspective in which to analyze the interplay between the con and the mark. One might question the leveraging of a fictional text, Melville's in order to explicate a real cultural phenomenon, the existence of con artists. Nietzsche's arguments as they are presented offer a mytho-tectonic analysis of the semiotic manifestation of the Slave and Master moralities. Insofar that these manifestations have occurred in society is without doubt; however, the true affectivity of the symbols lies in their ability to manipulate and massage the consciousnesses of individuals in that society and nowhere is the documentation that symbolic manipulation more evident than in the literary efforts of humanity. He articulates more fully the characteristics of Slave and Master Moralities in his work Beyond Good and Evil. They both revolve around their respective abilities to "will to power," this creative/destructive force which drives all human activity. Slave morality and the concept of morality must be understood broadly here to include all kinds of human activity, represent the behaviors of those who are unable to will their own desires directly and must "get around" as it were through subversion and cunning. The essence of Master morality is nobility. Actions are judged by their value or non-value for the master himself. In slave morality, actions are judged by their intention, namely their intention to harm or not harm the slave.

Improving Staff Morale Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Improving Staff Morale - Coursework Example On the other hand, low staff morale leads to increased costs, decreased efficiency, low motivation and interest (1, p.339).This is because of reduced motivation, wastage of time and low productivity. Consequently, keeping and improving employee morale is one of the most important things that the management of organizations must always do in order to achieve and maintain productive workplaces. The leading cause of low staff morale is poor leadership (2).It is associated with poor interpersonal relations between administrators and employees and inflexible working conditions (3). However, improving the staff morale remains of the greatest challenges to many contemporary organizational management and business leaders. Achieving it well requires a critical analysis of the analysis of the reasons behind low employee morale and addressing the root cause as opposed to the symptoms Currently, many organizations are facing stiff competition in the market and are increasingly being required to reduce their operation costs. Staff sizes are constantly being reduced and this creates more responsibilities for the remaining staff. Increased stress levels results leading to reduced organizational morale. The achievement of improved staff morale particularly lies in the management approach adopted by the company as well as the relationship between the management and the workers. This paper critically reviews literature on staff morale and attempts to give recommendations on how supermarket R’Us can increase and maintain staff morale and job satisfaction within its employees. Analysis of the ways of improving staff morale Numerous researchers concur that the level of confidence and satisfaction among employees is critically important to the productivity of any business organization. Morale indicates the happiness exhibited by the employees in the organizational surroundings. It is the key to job satisfaction by the employers towards their employees. In most cases, the succ ess of business organizations such as Supermarket R’Us closely depends on the cheerfulness, confidence, discipline, satisfaction and willingness of the staff workers to perform their assigned tasks. Although there is no single known factor that can satisfactorily be used to explain the occurrence of high or low morale, it is widely believed that morale of the staff workers in any organizations is often a top down issue than a bottom up issue (4, p.46). The existence of low morale among the staff workers in a business organization has a number of negative implications for the productivity of its workplace environment. This is particularly because morale is one of the key drivers of performance and lack of it often comes with a high price tag. For example, disengaged and unmotivated staff workers may contribute to reduced productivity through increased cases of employee dissident, illnesses, unscheduled absenteeism and general poor performance. On the other hand, Organizations that maintain high staff morale have, employees that arrive to work on time, have low employee turnover, communicate better and are more committed to the organizational goals. As a result, failure to address low morale issues in the workplaces may not only lead to lower productivity but also to increased loss of revenues, workplace conflicts, dissatisfied consumers or customer

A review of my personal crime prevention strategy Essay Example for Free

A review of my personal crime prevention strategy Essay My idea for the preventative crime strategy is â€Å"soft drug† education. In many European countries, softer alcohols like wine and beer are not policed as strongly as hard liquor. The idea behind this began in Germany when alcoholism was beginning to become more and more prevalent. Said problem was thought to be solved if alcohol was introduced differently. To be introduced to the family or at a younger age, as less of a risky or dangerous or rebellious thing. This has led to a drop in alcoholism as these drinks are normalized from a young age. In turn, the United States school system has, for decades, been using the D.A.R.E. program but this has been shown not to actually work. It uses fear mongering and essentially educating students that if they were to come in contact with marijuana, they would die. This does not, has not, and will continue not to work. My idea is to create a strategy of soft drug education. This means treating marijuana, though schedule 1, as a weak or even purely/mostly medical drug instead of a dangerous gateway to amphetamines or heroin. So by removing the stigma of being a gateway, I hope to remove it from actually becoming one. Marijuana education would be taught differently; especially as decriminalization and legalization continue throughout the country in various stages. As of now, it is schedule 1, which means it has no medical properties. Currently, even cocaine is ranked as schedule 2, meaning it can be used in some medical scenarios. Marijuana is also often spoken of as a starter drug or gateway drug. An idea that began as simply an idea, but recently has become more of a reality. Drug dealers lacing the marijuana with addictive drugs, or mental addiction, even with people just chasing the high. But a new education could reframe the plant. This would be done so the young people coming in contact with it know what it does, what it looks like, and how it feels. Lying about drugs no longer works in a digital age. A heroin addict I once spoke to talked about how no one ever said how good drugs could feel, so if they lied about that and lied about weed killing you, why not keep trying? The gateway effect was not due to him wanting to try more drugs just to try more drugs. He had felt that if marijuana had not been this addictive and deadly substance, the other dangerous drugs would not be either. The lie itself led him to those harder drugs. So essentially institute a normalization effect on marijuana. Remove the idea that it is a narcotic. The best-case scenario would be for it to be seen as a medical drug first. Similar to Tylenol or cough syrup, a drug that is purely medical in the eyes of the public, first. The first way to go about it would be getting to the smokers first. Many times children will pick up a tobacco habit before marijuana and thus before hard drugs. So the first step would be printing medical information on cigarette cartons. More and more, tobacco companies have to put the cancer-addled pictures on the cartons, and though it is meant to be a deterrent from smoking, most smokers probably just don’t look at it. This is instituted by the Surgeon General and thus cannot be fought by the tobacco companies. So putting medical facts and statistics would lead a wandering eye to see benefits of what they may have previously heard is a dangerous drug. From here, there would need to be the differentiation between marijuana and harder drugs sucks as heroin, methamphetamine, and LSD. Those listed previously are all scheduled as narcotic only with zero medical use whatsoever. Again, cocaine is listed as safer than marijuana. So it is first important to work on changing this v iew. This could occur by interlacing the failing scare tactics with the benefits of marijuana. Many shops exist countrywide, and even on South Street here in Philadelphia where â€Å"tobacco paraphernalia† are sold. So in those places make ads that may push marijuana and tobacco but put down hard drugs. Along the lines of â€Å"When you snort cocaine your heart explodes, when you smoke weed you get hungry.† Different things similar to these. This along with the D.E.A. (Drug Enforcement Administration) rescheduling, the adult/population-wide feeling against the plant could begin to lift. If various states are legalizing and/or decriminalizing, along with the national government says it is less risky, people would be more open-minded. The most important push, however, would be the medicalization side. The best way to remove a stigma, to remove a dark side of something, is to make it beneficial. The inverse of this was seen with the medicine Sudafed. It was pulled from shelves when it became public knowledge that the drug could easily be used to manufacture forms of methamphetamine. Marijuana has already begun to be shown as a medicine. The drug has been used for soldiers to relieve post-traumatic stress disorder, with chemotherapy patients it increases appetite, in various illnesses such as arthritis it stops inflammation. Marijuana already has shown the potential in many ways to be a medicine. A cheap, easy to create, strong, and it has multiple uses, drug. If it were to be rescheduled and pushed publicly, in news or music or shows, as less of a narcotic and more of a medication, the stigma would fall away. This relates to community crime prevention in many ways. The first idea of which is the connection to the basics needed to commit a crime; a place, a person to commit the crime, and a crime itself. Even without a straightforward target, if the drug is no longer seen as a drug then the target is hardened. It is more difficult to see a legal, medical, plant as a dangerous and rebellious activity. This also falls into social disorganization theory, if marijuana is medical and harder drugs fall away, then the usage of marijuana could be seen as a norm in communities similar to tobacco use or over the counter pain killers; drug culture would begin to fall away and thus rougher communities could come together more against the harder drugs. A generation bypassing heroin use would more easily be able to push out the heroin dealers. So not only would the soft drug education lead to fewer people using the harder, more deadly drugs, but it could lead to communities pushing harder and more openl y against drug dealing. (As a side note: those who dealt/grew marijuana would easily be able to ascertain occupations in the then-legal marijuana growing industry, thus a legitimate job would prevent them from dealing other illicit drugs). As well as with fewer drug dealers present in neighborhoods, violence would drop dramatically. No more people violently high on cocaine or PCP or other â€Å"uppers† as well as no more drug-based robberies. Many drug dealers are robbed because they are seen as sources of money; so either they get robbed or often times they will carry firearms and shoot their robbers. Either way, there would potentially be a drop. As well as the growth of marijuana by those who have (though illegally) been doing it for years could show to be lucrative and make low-economic-class areas into self-made enterprise zones. As discussed in class, there must be an audience to market these ideas too as well. There are two main audiences: those who are 40 years old or older, those 12 and younger. The older crowd in order to push the idea that marijuana is not harmful, the younger in order to push that it is â€Å"really a medicine† and to keep pushing for other drugs being dangerous. As the FBI and ATF speakers also spoke about, the Hobbes Act is extremely important. But the ATF speaker brought up a strong point: marijuana can be grown anywhere hydroponically. It is currently not a Hobbes Act infringement because it cannot be traced. To tie in with my idea before, if Pennsylvania were to follow through with any of these ideas, then marijuana is no longer a drug and thus any/all sales of illicit drugs become federal crimes. There is nothing scarier than saying â€Å"ALL _____ CRIMES ARE FEDERAL CRIMES† and this would push drug sales into that category. The soft drug education has multiple parts. The rescheduling of marijuana, the bettered education and allowance of use, and the final step to make it publically seen as more of a medicine than a drug to get high off of. Especially since the indicia strain of marijuana (as opposed to sativa) mostly works with treating pain, hunger, insomnia, stress, anxiety, inflammation, and other medical ailments with less of a physical â€Å"high† from the drug.   With the proper pushing to legalize then re-educate the masses, hard drug use would drop dramatically. The main purpose is not only to allow for a medication to be used by the medical community but if this works it should prevent the gateway effect. Within a generation, a large-scale drop in heroin, LSD, cocaine (crack and powder), Mescaline, ecstasy, and all other truly dangerous schedules 1 drugs. That is my crime prevention strategy. Prevent the gateway effect and thus prevent a generation of drug crimes or drug-related crimes (such as in Goldkamp’s trichotomy) on a massive scale.

Pervasiveness of marketing in todays society

Pervasiveness of marketing in todays society Marketing affects our everyday lives from the moment we wake up and go to sleep, such as what type of car that we drive, what websites we visit during the day and what make of clothing we wear. These all affect how we behave in our everyday life and how we respond to things we see and hear within current affairs and the media. There are a number of definitions as to what marketing actually is and how it affects society. Kotler (2006) defines marketing as a societal process by which individuals and groups obtain what they need and want through creating, offering and freely exchanging products and services of value with others. However, the British Chartered Institute of Marketing (1984) describes it as the management process responsible for indentifying, anticipating and satisfying customer requirements probability, cited in Cooper et al (2005, p.554) Even though these are two different definitions, they both describe marketing as being a process and both mention the value of customer s .Many people think marketing is just about marketing goods and services, but there is much more scope than that as marketers can market almost anything, such as persons, properties, places and events, ideas and information to get through to their consumers. Marketing is said to be pervasive in todays society and Cambridge Dictionaries define pervasive as present, spread out or noticeable in every part of something or place.[http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/pervasive]. I agree with this statement and think marketing is very pervasive in todays society and this essay will evaluate how pervasive marketing can be and how it affects consumers recognising brands and their behaviour towards certain market strategies. This essay will also include a number of factors such as marketing psychology, globalisation of brands and marketing technology to help me prove and evaluate this claim I am agreeing with. Marketing technology is a good example to prove how pervasive marketing is in our lives. This is because an increase in social networking technology means marketing can be more spread out and noticeable. For example, marketers use social networking technology such as Facebook to stay in constant contact with their customer base and understand their needs and wants. Therefore, the more marketers know about people through Facebook, the more knowledge they develop about people and ideas, to result in new products to target them with. For example in the US Facebook has taken over Google and is second only to Google in the UK, proving the sheer popularity and usage of the social network site. [https://www.keynote.co.uk] Which has led to 250 million people logging on to Facebook per day and 200 million users have installed it on their phone [http://www.facebook.com], proving that it is a great distribution channel for marketers to sell and inform consumers about their ideas and products. T he Social Ads at the side of the page on Facebook offers is a space for companies to advertise themselves and their products to Facebook users. The company can chose what consumers see their advert by typing in keywords such as, age, sex, hobbies, political views, relationship status, education and location and then relate this to their product. For example, Dominoes Pizza use this lot to advertise themselves to their consumer base as their company is usually within these Social Ads.[ http://www.facebook.com] Therefore, the rise in the popularity of social network technology has resulted in marketing being more pervasive because its around everybody that uses Facebook all the time, even though they might not notice it. Another example to support that marketing technology has led to marketing being more pervasive is by the globalisation of brands. As technology advances in transportation, shipping and communication have made it easier for companies to market in other countries. Kotle r, Keller (2006, p.103) Therefore this means it is easier for consumers to buy products globally and travel anywhere for the experience of these products in other countries and experience local tastes and culture. This clearly, shows that marketing is pervasive because it is everywhere you go despite which country you are in and what type of behavioural or geo-demographic characteristics you have. Another example that has led marketing to become more pervasive is marketing psychology. For example, companies such as LOreal use a number of different physiological strategies to get through to their consumer base. This can be shown by companies repeating their adverts and pairing products to have a positive familiarisation connection with the consumer. This type of physiology is used for companies to help market their brands. For example, LOreal is not only known for its slogan because your worth it but it is also known for its faces of celebrities within the radio and television adverts, most commonly associated with Cheryl Cole and Halle Berry as their adverts are repeated on television throughout the day [http://www.loreal.co.uk]. Resembling a brand with a slogan and celebrity is a clever way of marketing because when consumers see the celebrity there is a stimulus to the brand and when they see the brand, there is a stimulus to the celebrity, so in turn makes a positive resemb lance. One physiological strategy is to transfer the meaning from an unconditioned stimulus to explain why certain brand names show strong effects on consumers. For example, Nike is known for Just Do It and McDonalds is known for Im Loving It. Therefore, once consumers here this slogan they automatically recognise that brand due to their marketing slogan, which differentiates it from other brands such as Nike from Addidas and McDonalds from Burger king and gives it the uniqueness. Therefore this shows that psychological factors help marketing become more pervasive in that in results in certain stimulus, which can result in certain behaviour towards that product. The Cola-cola Company has recently been hailed as a company with inspirational marketing, as their profits soar, for example, they have recently announced a 13% revenue increase from last year, proving they are doing something right as sales have increased [http://www.marketingweek.co.uk]. This could however, been down to their marketing and psychology strategies, as the emphasis on their adverts watched by consumers relate to happiness. If a consumer receives this message from a brand, it is likely they will consider buying their products because they will have a positive attitude towards it. This has led to their most recent advert from February 2011 called Siege currently being shown in the USA, to bring across a message to their consumers that coke has the power to bring happiness and optimism, even the darkest situations. [http://www.thecoca-colacompany.com]. Therefore, this shows companies can use a certain type of hidden message to make their consumers feel happy and in turn r esult in customer loyalty. This shows, to an extent that marketing is pervasive because it is in all types of adverts even though some consumers might not recognise it. Marketing is used in order to influence society and our behaviours when we see things. Most marketing is related to private companies marketing their goods and services in order to create and demand and in turn a profit for their company. However, there are some marketing acts that can be used for non profitable reasons such as health issues to protect society. For example, in late 2009 the government launched a new NHS act, the F.A.S.T campaign, to boost awareness in society and to get people to act fast if they think somebody is suffering from a stroke and to call emergency services, as soon as possible. The campaign has been marketed on posters, Facebook, television adverts and on the radio [http://www.nhs.uk/], and is still a popular advert on the television today. This market campaign again has a strong psychological status to it as the television adverts are almost like an interactive test, and shows what each letter means and what to look out for, so the next time you see the advert you remember what each letter stands for and what to do if it happens. However, this marketing campaign, led to an increase of an extra 55% in calls to the emergency services, reporting a stroke, not all of which were correct [http://optimistworld.com]. Therefore this shows that it isnt just private companies that market ideas to their consumers, and even though some of these calls arent correct, it has certainly forced a change in society as more people are aware of this, showing its pervasiveness across the private and public sector in terms of marketing. However, there are some types of marketing to argue that marketing isnt pervasive in todays society. For example, de-marketing is known as attempts to discourage customers in general or a certain class of customers in particular on either a temporary or permanent basis, Phillips (1971) cited from [http://www.bukisa.com/article]. Therefore this means, de-marketing is completely the reverse from marketing, and normally results in decrease of prices and less advertising. Contemporary examples of this would include cigarette smoking as smoking adverts have been banned and cigarette machines have been banned. The BBC states that there is an upcoming advert being shown across the UK later this month, to show smokers that even though roll up cigarettes are bad, there are not as dangerous as packet cigarettes[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news] This shows that de-marketing isnt pervasive because they are trying to decrease the demand of cigarettes smoked, which has obviously resulted in less advertis ement. This means that consumers do not have a physiological stimulus with cigarettes, without an advert because there is not a particular picture or slogan to resemble its familiarity with. This has led to decrease of 26% of school trying cigarettes from 1983 till 2009 [https://www.keynote.co.uk]. Therefore, less advertisement of the product, will give consumers less knowledge of the brand, and will challenge customer loyalty, showing all marketing isnt pervasive because de-marketing strategies are implemented to decrease the demand for something and in turn decreasing how popular, noticeable and spread out it is. Conclusion In conclusion, this essay suggests that marketing is pervasive in todays society because marketing is a common activity across the globe and has been made easier by recent improvements in technology as mentioned above. Without marketing, companies would have no demand for their product and consumers would have no products for their own wants and needs. Therefore, it is clear to say, marketing is pervasive within society due to everyday activities such as social networking as companies can find out exactly what consumers want and how to target them with specific segment demands to create a certain product. All achieved with market research from the help of Facebook and Google. However, marketing is only pervasive to a certain extent because other marketing strategies such as de-marketing prove that not all marketing is linked to a behavioral stimulus or recognition of brands and in turn making it less spread out. Considering this, there are a lot more varied reasons why marketing is p ervasive in everyday life rather than it not, because if it wasnt spread out and around us all the time we would live a limited lifestyle with no high demand for change in society.

Mans Eternal Search for Affection Explored in The Hunchback of Notre D

Victor Hugo penned a fantastic, picturesque story of passion and the human spirit in The Hunchback of Notre Dame. The dramatic emotions of the characters play out on the stage of fifteenth century Paris, France. Quasimodo, a repugnant physical defect of nature, lived severed from human contact, excepting that of the solemnly aloof priest, Claude Frollo. For his part, Frollo strove for knowledge until he encountered the captivatingly gorgeous gypsy dancer, Esmeralda. She existed solely to adore an arrogant captain of the King's Archers, named Phoebus de Chateaupers, for saving her from being kidnapped. Enticed by Esmeralda's dancing to the depths of his being, Frollo outwardly denounced her as a sacrilegious sorceress, but his body raged for her out of lust, accounting for his repeated attempts at having her prohibited from dancing near the cathedral, or stolen away. Esmeralda, furiously in love with Phoebus, nearly sacrificed her virtue to gain his heart, before Frollo gravely wounde d him. Tortured into confessing witchcraft and condemned to die by a court with church officials, the gypsy enchantress obtained sanctuary in Notre Dame cathedral, rescued from the hangman's noose by Quasimodo. At this point, Frollo attempted to claim Esmeralda's merciful and virtuous heartfelt forgiveness for his passion, failing miserably because his efforts appeared feeble and lascivious. Frollo and Esmeralda perished, however, after a storming of the cathedral and gruesome battle, dying sacrifices on the altar of human emotion. How emotion may exist in a studious and solemn man, having only acquired knowledge of books for a score of years, seems impossible. But desire for Esmeralda arrived after Frollo had â€Å"discovered that a man needs affection ... ...her temptation had accomplished this; therefore her cruel effect must have been fate. As she awaited death, one character noticed the incidence of destiny when she remarked that â€Å"‘God has it all written down in His book'† (182). One aspect of Victor Hugo's work, his revelations of themes, philosophies, and morals through humorous characters, seems reminiscent of Sir Walter Scott's usage of a comparable pretext. Through the philosopher/poet, Gringoire, Hugo presents a moral that â€Å"‘the temptations of the flesh are pernicious and malignant'† (276). Certainly there exists some truth to this supposition on a central idea of the novel, the animosity stirred by mortal sensitivity, that during man's eternal search for affection--even when he possesses it, he still craves more. WORKS CITED Hugo, Victor. Notre Dame de Paris. Paris, France. (publisher unknown). 1831.

Falstaffs Role in Henry IV, Part One Essay -- Henry IV Henry V Essays

Falstaff's Role in Henry IV, Part One      Ã‚  Ã‚   Henry IV, Part One, has always been one of the most popular of Shakespeare's plays, maybe because of Falstaff. Much of the early criticism I found concentrated on Falstaff and so will I. This may begin in the eighteenth century with Samuel Johnson. For Johnson, the Prince is a "young man of great abilities and violent passions," and Hotspur is a "rugged soldier," but "Falstaff, unimitated, unimitable Falstaff, how shall I describe thee? Thou compound of sense and vice . . . a character loaded with faults, and with faults which produce contempt . . . a thief, a glutton, a coward, and a boaster, always ready to cheat the weak and prey upon the poor; to terrify the timorous and insult the defenceless . . . his wit is not of the splendid or ambitious kind, but consists in easy escapes and sallies of levity [yet] he is stained with no enormous or sanguinary crimes, so that his licentiousness is not so offensive but that it may be borne for his mirth."      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Johnson makes three assumptions in his reading of the play:      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   1. That Falstaff is the kind of character who invites a moral judgment mainly that he can answer to the charge of being a coward.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2. That you (the reader) can detach Falstaff's frivolity from the play and it can exist for its own sake apart from the major theme of the drama.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   3. That the play is really about the fate of the kingdom, and that you (the reader) do not connect Falstaff's scenes with the main action. This means that the play has no real unity.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Starting with Johnson's first assumption, I do agree with this. Any discussion of Fa... ...ributes to Hal's maturing process, and it does.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion, every age of man has and will continue to judge Falstaff's role based on the morals and the thinking of the day. His frivolity is necessary to make the play amusing and interesting enough to hold the reader's/viewer's attention. However, that Falstaff's scenes are needed should go without question leaving the critics and us only to debate his motivation and his tactics.    Works Cited Bloom, Harold. Henry IV, Part One: Bloom's Notes. New York: Chelsea House, 1996. Cruttwell,Patrick. Hernry IV. Shakespeare For Students, Vol. II. Detroit: Gale Publishing, 1999. Kantor, Andrea. Henry IV, Part One. London: Baron's Education Series, Inc, 1984. Princiss, G.M. Henry IV Criticism. Shakespeare For Students, Vol.II. Detroit: Gale Publishing, 1999.   

El Lexico Y Los Limites de Tu Mundo

El mundo globalizado en el que vivimos actualmente es altamente competitivo y hace cada vez mas necesario y fundamental el conocimiento y uso de un lexico mas tecnico y preciso. ?Por que? En principio porque el uso de un lexico con dichas caracteristicas nos hace parecer mejor preparados al demostrar un dominio sobre el tema que tratamos. En general el lexico que utilizamos sirve como una especie de tarjeta de presentacion ante personas que no conocemos, ya que con tan solo escucharnos se forman una idea de nuestro nivel de escolaridad y cultural. El tener un lexico amplio nos ayuda a dar una mejor impresion a los demas y nos puede ayudar a abrir puertas a lo largo de nuestras vidas. Conforme avanzamos en nuestros estudios vamos anadiendo palabras a nuestro lexico, las cuales nos permiten expresarnos de manera mas especifica y clara. Independientemente del campo en el que nos especialicemos siempre nos veremos en la necesidad de utilizar tecnicismos para describir un proceso o fenomeno especifico de nuestra area. Si en un reporte o entrevista obviaramos su existencia y decidieramos expresarnos con palabras mas escuetas y/o simples, inmediatamente dariamos una mala impresion a nuestros superiores o entrevistadores. En cierta forma el uso de palabras tecnicas y una forma de expresion mas elocuente y elegante nos ayuda a dar una mejor impresion y a diferenciarnos de los demas. En la vida profesional esto es de gran ayuda ya que nos brinda un mayor poder de convencimiento y confianza. El tener un lexico amplio tambien nos ayuda a expresarnos de mejor manera. ?Como? Dada la gran riqueza del idioma espanol existen muchas formas de expresar una misma idea. Si necesitamos explicar un tema complicado a personas que no tienen un alto nivel de escolaridad, el tener un lexico amplio nos ayuda a rebajar el nivel de dificultad sin que se pierda la esencia del mensaje que queriamos dar. Este es uno de los tantos beneficios que nos brinda el tener un lexico amplio. â€Å"Los limites de mi lenguaje son los limites de mi mundo. -Ludwig Wittgenstein Extrapolando de lo que decia Ludwig Wittgenstein podriamos decir que al ampliar nuestro lexico ampliamos el limite de nuestro mundo y de nuestra vida. El tener un lexico amplio nos permite a la larga, entonces, no solo expresarnos mejor sino tambien el demostrar nuestro domino sobre algun tema en particular en el ambito profesional. Es por estas y muchas otras razones que es importante ampliar nuestro lexico en cada oportunidad que se nos presente ya que nunca sabemos cuando podemos necesitar expresar una misma idea de distintas maneras.